# Operating System

首先需要了解操作系统的基本原理：

* [基础](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/basic)
* [系统初始化](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/system-initialization)

然后需要用到实践中去，比如常见的性能工具：

![](https://3232244687-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-LYZow-MmROshIrkwdtE%2F-MIOf6S57w8HbVgD_4DW%2F-MIS3PSGCpEY-Cx2121r%2Fimage.png?alt=media\&token=820ddd88-e44c-4036-99e2-4ce17d8da5e4)

以及性能优化手段：

* 常用的[性能诊断工具](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/diagnostic-tools)
* [CPU](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/cpu-diagnosis)
  * [平均负载](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#ping-jun-fu-zai)
  * [CPU 上下文切换](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#shang-xia-wen-qie-huan)
  * [CPU 使用率](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#shi-yong-lv)。使用率过高的常见原因有：
    * 上下文切换
    * [iowait 过高](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#bu-ke-zhong-duan-zhuang-tai)，表现为进程长时间处于 D 状态，或较多进程处于 D 状态
    * [僵尸进程过多](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#jiang-shi-jin-cheng)
    * [软中断过多](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#ruan-zhong-duan)
  * [CPU 优化思路](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/cpu-diagnosis#cpu-xing-neng-you-hua)
* [内存](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/memory-diagnosis)
  * Linux 内存的一些[基本原理](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/memory-diagnosis#yuan-li)
  * [Buffer 与 Cache 的区别](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/memory-diagnosis#buffer-vs-cache)
  * [缓存命中率](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/memory-diagnosis#huan-cun-ming-zhong-lv)
  * [内存泄漏](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/memory-diagnosis#nei-cun-xie-lou)
  * [Swap](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/memory-diagnosis#swap)
  * [优化思路](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/memory-diagnosis#zong-jie)
* [磁盘](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/i-o-diagnosis)
  * [文件系统](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/i-o-diagnosis#wen-jian-xi-tong)
  * [磁盘](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/i-o-diagnosis#ci-pan)
  * [优化思路](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/i-o-diagnosis#you-hua-si-lu)
* [网络](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/network-diagnosis)
* [监控系统](https://yunzhao.gitbook.io/notes/computer-science/linux/monitor-system)建设

![](https://3232244687-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-LYZow-MmROshIrkwdtE%2F-MIOf6S57w8HbVgD_4DW%2F-MIS3XOpLvJkViVLwfAh%2Fimage.png?alt=media\&token=2311e735-e4c4-4943-926d-c50e4d6e268b)